俄耳甫斯教是以俄耳甫斯命名的古希腊民间宗教，它大约创立于公元前七世纪左右，起源地为俄耳甫斯存在争议的故乡色雷斯或克里特岛。俄耳甫斯教提出了与赫西俄德《神谱》不同的古希腊神谱体系；它提出原罪说，告诫人们只要通过彻底的净化和俄耳甫斯式的生活在来生就能变成神。它站在了古希腊传统宗教的对立面，为下层民众提供了一种精神慰藉。大部分古典时期哲学家的思想和著作中总会有俄耳甫斯教的影子，俄耳甫斯教对人类起源的探索、对灵魂和肉体的讨论，为他们解释自己的哲学提供了依据。俄耳甫斯教为众多戏剧家提供了题材，甚至有戏剧家在戏剧中表现了对它的反对和讽刺。

Orphism, named after Orpheus, is a folk religion of Ancient Greek. It probably was founded in 7 th BC, the cradle of which is Thrace or Crete, the disputed birthplace of Orpheus. Orphism holds a unique cosmogonies and eschatology. The orphic theogony is very different from the theogony of Hesiod, advancing the original sin theory. It warned that men become gods in afterlife by absolute purification and leading an orphic life. The Orphism is in opposite to traditional religions of ancient Greek, offering spiritual comfort for people from low class. The Orphism had influence on the mind and works of most philosophers in classical period. Its exploitation of human origin and the discussion of spirit and physic lay basis for these philosophers to explain their views. The Orphism also supplies topics for many playwrights, some of them express rejection and sarcasm to it in the opera.