青年马克思异化思想在马克思理论体系中占有重要的地位，是唯物史观创立的历史前提，然而对青年马克思异化概念的形成及其理解一直以来是国内外学者争论得比较激烈的一个问题。本文从说明青年马克思异化思想梗概着手，指出异化劳动在本质上是生产关系的异化，并指出异化劳动的四个环节。青年马克思创立劳动异化理论的特定目的就是为了人的本质的复归及人类的彻底解放。青年马克思异化理论中人本主义立论基础与后期的唯物史观是前后相承的关系，并不是相互矛盾的。本文的第二、三部分分别说明了青年马克思对黑格尔辩证异化观及费尔巴哈人本主义异化思想的批判、继承及其超越，特别论述了青年马克思异化思想主要是在吸收黑格尔的辩证法思想及费尔巴哈的人本主义思想的基础上结合马克思本人的革命实践而形成的。最后本文指出对青年马克思异化思想成因探析具有两方面的意义：一是有助于了解马克思思想发展的内在关联性；二是异化劳动论为唯物史观的创立作了理论准备。

Youth Marx's alienation thought plays an important role in the Marx's theories, and it is the historical premise about the establishment of historical materialism, however, the comprehension and formation about youth Marx's alienation concept is a vehement problem that has been issued by domestic and international scholars since then. Beginning from elucidating the epitome of youth Marx's alienation thought, this text points out the alienation labor is an alienation of produce relation in essence, and also points out the four links of alienation labor. Particular purpose that youth Marx founds labor alienation theories is for the return of human innate character and mankind's relieve thoroughly. The humanitarian foundation of youth Marx alienation theories and the historical theory of materialism in the late is the relation of succession in front and back, and not self-contradict. The second part and the third in this text explain the youth Marx's animadversion, succession and transcendency to the dialectical alienation idea of Hegel and humanitarian alienation thought of Feuerbach respectively, and point out the alienation thought of youth Marx primarily is in the base of Hegelian dialectics thought and Feuerbach's humanism thought and the revolution practice of Marx himself. This text finally indicates that there are two aspects' meaning about the analysis of the coming into being of youth Marx alienation thought: 1, It's beneficial to understand the consistency of the Marx's thought; 2, The alienation labor thought made the theories preparation for the foundation of the historical theory of materialism.